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Textile fabrics wholesale cotton spinning process flow
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Author:pro7a1821
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Published time: 2019-09-20
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In the printing and dyeing industry according to different materials, different yarn types, different fabric structure, dyeing and printing requirements, process is not a fixed pattern completely, such as chemical fiber textile printing and dyeing, weaving and dyeing, silk reeling silk weaving dyeing and finishing industry, the difference is quite big, even between them had almost unable to draw lessons from. Then, we first understand the spinning, weaving, dyeing and other three industries in the conventional process, to have a simple understanding of the spinning and dyeing industry.
Main process of spinning: clear, carding, combing, drawing, roving and spinning
Weaving process: winding, warping, sizing, threading, weaving, finishing
These are the main processes, and each company will have a slightly different process depending on the product and its own needs. The following cotton as an example for you to share the conventional cotton textile dyeing process.
Cotton textile printing and dyeing process:
With grey - sewing - singeing, cold rolling car - boiled bleaching, mercerizing, front back stenter - mixing - printing (flat screen or rotary screen printing), steamer, soaping, finishing stereotypes, preshrinking machine, calender, product packaging
A, singeing
Usually, after the grey cloth into the printing and dyeing factory, the first need to pass the inspection, turn over the cloth, batch, matching blank (matching blank: two pieces of grey cloth between the front and back, the same face) and sewing processes, and then burn processing.
Burn hair: burn hair process looks very magical, in the scene you will see the fabric open width quickly through the high temperature flame, and the cloth in the fierce flame quickly slide, but did not burn, really a bit "a hundred flowers in the leaves do not touch the body" realm.
This is because cloth body is closer, rise in temperature slower, when did not rise to ignition point, had left the flame or red hot metal surface, so as to achieve the purpose of burning down, and will not damage the fabric.
Reason: unburned wool on the cloth too much nap, different length, poor smoothness, easy to stain, after the sequence dyeing and finishing processing easy to drop wool, resulting in printing and dyeing defects.
Meaning:
1. The purpose of hair burning is to burn away the nap on the cloth surface, make the cloth surface bright, clean and beautiful, and prevent the occurrence of uneven dyeing and printing defects due to the presence of nap in dyeing and printing. Improve the cloth gloss, improve the finish;
2. Improve anti-pilling performance (especially chemical fiber fabric);
3, improve the style, singed will make the fabric become crisp.
Cold rolling car: a process after burning the wool, the grey cloth needs to cool for more than 20 hours
Two, descaling bleaching
Desizing bleaching, that is, desizing, scouring, bleaching.
Desizing: the pulp on the grey cloth should be removed before boiling. This process is called desizing.
In order to increase the wear-resistance of warp yarn in weaving, textile fabric wholesale smoothness and anti-static, improve the strength, improve its weavability, before weaving to carry out sizing processing. The size on grey cloth affects the absorbent property of the fabric namely, still affect the quality of dyeing and finishing products, and can increase the consumption of dyeing drugs, so before scouring should first remove size, this process is called desizing. To remove from the fabric.
Scouring: also known as scouring, the purpose of refining is to remove fiber impurities (natural impurities, artificial impurities), improve the processing properties of the fabric, especially the wettability.
When cotton fiber grows, it is accompanied by natural impurities (pectin, waxy substance, nitrogen-containing substance, etc.). After desizing cotton fabric, most of the size and some of the natural impurities have been removed, but a small amount of size and most of the natural impurities still remain in the fabric. The presence of these impurities, so that the cotton woven cloth surface yellow, poor permeability. At the same time, because of the existence of cotton seed shell, greatly affected the appearance of cotton quality.
Therefore, it is necessary to boil the fabric for a long time in the high temperature concentrated lye to remove residual impurities
Bleaching: the appearance of cotton fabric is not white enough because of the natural pigment on the fiber after scouring.
The main purpose of bleaching is to remove pigment and improve whiteness.
Third, mercerizing
Mercerization: cotton woven fabric treated with concentrated alkali solution has a silky sheen on its surface, and more importantly, its dimensional stability is improved, that is, cotton woven fabric is set.
This process is called Mercerization or Mercerizing.
The significance of mercerization:
1. Increased dimensional stability and reduced shrinkage;
2. Mechanical properties such as reduction of fracture strength;
3. Absorption improvement;
4, the appearance has a silky luster.
Fourth, stenter
Stretch is to tighten the warp and weft of the fabric again, so that the width of the fabric warp and weft is consistent, the density is consistent, and the dimensional stability of the fabric is increased.
Mixing and setting
Jacquard varieties before rolling through different degrees of sizing, so that the size attached to the surface of the fiber, to prevent the cloth door pair retraction. Sizing has a soft effect and promotes friction between fibers and fibers.
Six, printing
There are two most widely used printing methods, circular and flat screen printing. Due to the small tension, not easy to deformation, bright color, full color, screen printing defect cloth less, especially suitable for a variety of production. Circular screen and flat screen printing, from the device need screen, it is from the type printing, is the paper plate, metal plate or chemical engraving hollow pattern printing method.
The circular mesh is made of nickel round metal mesh, while the flat mesh is stretched over a rectangular frame of metal or wood. Flat screen printing is divided into manual (table printing) and mechanical (flat screen printing). Due to the different printing methods, the size of the screen has a certain allowable range, and the size of 305~1200mm. General round screen printing of the network circumference of 640mm 820mm1018mm. The circumference is a multiple of the circulation of the pattern.
Circular mesh features pattern connection, no plate printing.
Flat screen printing screen is square, so that its cycle is not limited, flat screen has a plate.
In general, the rotary screen printing output is the largest, generally at 3,500 yards per hour, depending on the difficulty of the pattern determines the speed of the car. Flat screen printing fineness and return size are better than circular screen, but production efficiency is not as fast as circular screen speed. In the actual choice, need to according to the use of fabric, pattern size, cloth and other aspects of the choice of circular mesh or flat mesh.
Seven, evaporate, soap wash
Evaporation: after textile printing, except for the ice dyes and soluble VAT dyes, generally dyes have to be evaporated.
The purpose is to make printing textiles complete the moisture absorption and heating of fiber and color serous film, accelerate the reduction of dye and the dissolution of dye on the fiber, so that dye diffusion into the fiber and fixed on the fiber, to the fiber internal diffusion and then produce solid color. The process conditions of evaporation vary with the properties of dyes and fibers.
Soap: is a very necessary and important process after evaporation. In the process of soaping, the soaping agent can no longer stick to the fabric through physical and chemical interaction with the dye and dispersion, suspension and complexation of the soaping agent, so as to improve the soaping fastness and prevent staining.
Eight, preshrink finishing
Fabric in the process of printing and dyeing processing, mechanical tension stress in tensile exist, when the fabric is moist internal stress relaxation, will form the shrink effect, so must be in the actual production for fabric mechanical preshrinking, to reduce the shrinkage of cotton fabric, the finished size stability, fabric BuFu and tidy, improve the added value of products.
Nine, calender treatment
Also known as pressure light. A process of fabric arrangement. The physical plasticity of the fiber under high pressure or high temperature is used to flatten or roll out the pattern on the surface of the fabric so as to increase the finishing process of the fabric luster. Similar to ironing, use the method of surface spreading and ironing to make the fabric with special luster, enhance the brightness of the fabric, make the fabric drape feeling good, flat.
Inspection of packaging
At this stage the cloth is finished. Quality inspection roll. If the pattern leakage white, need to manually repair flowers, packaging shipment.
Main process of spinning: clear, carding, combing, drawing, roving and spinning
Weaving process: winding, warping, sizing, threading, weaving, finishing
These are the main processes, and each company will have a slightly different process depending on the product and its own needs. The following cotton as an example for you to share the conventional cotton textile dyeing process.
Cotton textile printing and dyeing process:
With grey - sewing - singeing, cold rolling car - boiled bleaching, mercerizing, front back stenter - mixing - printing (flat screen or rotary screen printing), steamer, soaping, finishing stereotypes, preshrinking machine, calender, product packaging
A, singeing
Usually, after the grey cloth into the printing and dyeing factory, the first need to pass the inspection, turn over the cloth, batch, matching blank (matching blank: two pieces of grey cloth between the front and back, the same face) and sewing processes, and then burn processing.
Burn hair: burn hair process looks very magical, in the scene you will see the fabric open width quickly through the high temperature flame, and the cloth in the fierce flame quickly slide, but did not burn, really a bit "a hundred flowers in the leaves do not touch the body" realm.
This is because cloth body is closer, rise in temperature slower, when did not rise to ignition point, had left the flame or red hot metal surface, so as to achieve the purpose of burning down, and will not damage the fabric.
Reason: unburned wool on the cloth too much nap, different length, poor smoothness, easy to stain, after the sequence dyeing and finishing processing easy to drop wool, resulting in printing and dyeing defects.
Meaning:
1. The purpose of hair burning is to burn away the nap on the cloth surface, make the cloth surface bright, clean and beautiful, and prevent the occurrence of uneven dyeing and printing defects due to the presence of nap in dyeing and printing. Improve the cloth gloss, improve the finish;
2. Improve anti-pilling performance (especially chemical fiber fabric);
3, improve the style, singed will make the fabric become crisp.
Cold rolling car: a process after burning the wool, the grey cloth needs to cool for more than 20 hours
Two, descaling bleaching
Desizing bleaching, that is, desizing, scouring, bleaching.
Desizing: the pulp on the grey cloth should be removed before boiling. This process is called desizing.
In order to increase the wear-resistance of warp yarn in weaving, textile fabric wholesale smoothness and anti-static, improve the strength, improve its weavability, before weaving to carry out sizing processing. The size on grey cloth affects the absorbent property of the fabric namely, still affect the quality of dyeing and finishing products, and can increase the consumption of dyeing drugs, so before scouring should first remove size, this process is called desizing. To remove from the fabric.
Scouring: also known as scouring, the purpose of refining is to remove fiber impurities (natural impurities, artificial impurities), improve the processing properties of the fabric, especially the wettability.
When cotton fiber grows, it is accompanied by natural impurities (pectin, waxy substance, nitrogen-containing substance, etc.). After desizing cotton fabric, most of the size and some of the natural impurities have been removed, but a small amount of size and most of the natural impurities still remain in the fabric. The presence of these impurities, so that the cotton woven cloth surface yellow, poor permeability. At the same time, because of the existence of cotton seed shell, greatly affected the appearance of cotton quality.
Therefore, it is necessary to boil the fabric for a long time in the high temperature concentrated lye to remove residual impurities
Bleaching: the appearance of cotton fabric is not white enough because of the natural pigment on the fiber after scouring.
The main purpose of bleaching is to remove pigment and improve whiteness.
Third, mercerizing
Mercerization: cotton woven fabric treated with concentrated alkali solution has a silky sheen on its surface, and more importantly, its dimensional stability is improved, that is, cotton woven fabric is set.
This process is called Mercerization or Mercerizing.
The significance of mercerization:
1. Increased dimensional stability and reduced shrinkage;
2. Mechanical properties such as reduction of fracture strength;
3. Absorption improvement;
4, the appearance has a silky luster.
Fourth, stenter
Stretch is to tighten the warp and weft of the fabric again, so that the width of the fabric warp and weft is consistent, the density is consistent, and the dimensional stability of the fabric is increased.
Mixing and setting
Jacquard varieties before rolling through different degrees of sizing, so that the size attached to the surface of the fiber, to prevent the cloth door pair retraction. Sizing has a soft effect and promotes friction between fibers and fibers.
Six, printing
There are two most widely used printing methods, circular and flat screen printing. Due to the small tension, not easy to deformation, bright color, full color, screen printing defect cloth less, especially suitable for a variety of production. Circular screen and flat screen printing, from the device need screen, it is from the type printing, is the paper plate, metal plate or chemical engraving hollow pattern printing method.
The circular mesh is made of nickel round metal mesh, while the flat mesh is stretched over a rectangular frame of metal or wood. Flat screen printing is divided into manual (table printing) and mechanical (flat screen printing). Due to the different printing methods, the size of the screen has a certain allowable range, and the size of 305~1200mm. General round screen printing of the network circumference of 640mm 820mm1018mm. The circumference is a multiple of the circulation of the pattern.
Circular mesh features pattern connection, no plate printing.
Flat screen printing screen is square, so that its cycle is not limited, flat screen has a plate.
In general, the rotary screen printing output is the largest, generally at 3,500 yards per hour, depending on the difficulty of the pattern determines the speed of the car. Flat screen printing fineness and return size are better than circular screen, but production efficiency is not as fast as circular screen speed. In the actual choice, need to according to the use of fabric, pattern size, cloth and other aspects of the choice of circular mesh or flat mesh.
Seven, evaporate, soap wash
Evaporation: after textile printing, except for the ice dyes and soluble VAT dyes, generally dyes have to be evaporated.
The purpose is to make printing textiles complete the moisture absorption and heating of fiber and color serous film, accelerate the reduction of dye and the dissolution of dye on the fiber, so that dye diffusion into the fiber and fixed on the fiber, to the fiber internal diffusion and then produce solid color. The process conditions of evaporation vary with the properties of dyes and fibers.
Soap: is a very necessary and important process after evaporation. In the process of soaping, the soaping agent can no longer stick to the fabric through physical and chemical interaction with the dye and dispersion, suspension and complexation of the soaping agent, so as to improve the soaping fastness and prevent staining.
Eight, preshrink finishing
Fabric in the process of printing and dyeing processing, mechanical tension stress in tensile exist, when the fabric is moist internal stress relaxation, will form the shrink effect, so must be in the actual production for fabric mechanical preshrinking, to reduce the shrinkage of cotton fabric, the finished size stability, fabric BuFu and tidy, improve the added value of products.
Nine, calender treatment
Also known as pressure light. A process of fabric arrangement. The physical plasticity of the fiber under high pressure or high temperature is used to flatten or roll out the pattern on the surface of the fabric so as to increase the finishing process of the fabric luster. Similar to ironing, use the method of surface spreading and ironing to make the fabric with special luster, enhance the brightness of the fabric, make the fabric drape feeling good, flat.
Inspection of packaging
At this stage the cloth is finished. Quality inspection roll. If the pattern leakage white, need to manually repair flowers, packaging shipment.
Waht's up
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